Okwangoku, zithathu izibane eziphambili zemoto kwimarike, izibane ze-halogen,Izibane ze-xenon ezifihliweyokwayeIzibane ze-LED.Ngaphandle koko kukho isibane selaser.Ixabiso langoku lelaser headlight liphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke akwenzeki.Isibane selaser sinokusetyenziselwa kuphela umqadi ophakamileyo wesakhiwo, onje ngeBMW i8, AUDI A8 / R8.
Izibane zeHalogen zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izibane zeemoto okwangoku, kwaye zikwazezibhalbhu eziye zasetyenziswa ixesha elide kwimbali yeemoto.Kodwa iibhalbhu ze-halogen zikhanyisa mfiliba kwaye kulula ukuqhawuka / ukutshiswa.
HID Xenon izibaneyaqala kwinkampani enkulu i-PHILIPS, i-HELLA kunye ne-BOSCH, emva ko-1990 ukuya kwi-1993 iminyaka.HID Xenon izibanezimalunga ne-2500 lumen ukuya kwi-4000 lumen, amaxesha ama-4 ukuya kuma-6 aqaqambe ngakumbi kunezibane ze-halogen.Abantu abaninzi bathiHID Xenoniqaqambe kakhulu ukuba ilitha kubaqhubi abachasayo, AYILUNGILE, kuba i-capsule esembindini yeibhalbhu yexenonekhupha ukukhanya kuncinci njenge-filament yebhalbhu ye-halogen, i-beam ephantsi ayiyi kwenza ilitha kubaqhubi abachasayo, ipateni yokukhanyisa isemgangathweni njengebhalbhu ye-halogen.KodwaIkhithi ye-xenon efihliweyoayitshiphuki, ayilulanga ukufakela, kufuneka ugqobhoze umngxuma kuqweqwe lwangemva lwezibane zocingo oludibanisa umphandle.I-HID ballastkunye nebhalbhu ye-xenon yangaphakathi ngamanye amaxesha.
Ngokobuchwephesha iIibhalbhu ze-xenon ezifihliweyothatha 10-30 imizuzwana ukufikelela 100% ukuqaqamba, ngoko phambili kunye nabaqhubi ngokuchaseneyo banokungahoyi umqadi wakho ophezulu / ophantsi odanyazayo ukuze ulumkise okanye ugqithise xa iiglowubhu zicinyiwe / imeko ebandayo.Ngaphezu koko, kuyabiza ngenxa yokudityaniswa kweebhola kunye neebhalbhu.
Iibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDzayilwa ngo-2008 ngonyaka.Iya ithandwa kakhulu kule minyaka yamva nje, ibithatha isabelo sentengiso esithe kratya seebhalbhu zehalogen kunyeIibhalbhu ze-xenon ezifihliweyo. Iibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDukusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu, ubungakanani obubambeneyo kunye namandla aphezulu, ilumen kunye nelux yazo inokuba amaxesha ama-5 ukuya kwa-8 kuneebhalbhu zehalogen, awona mandla aphezuluIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDinokufikelela kwi-4000 lumen ukuya kwi-6000 lumen.Ngokobuchwephesha kukukhanya ngoko nangoko 100% (i-halogen kunyeI-HID xenonare not) eyinzuzo enkulu kakhulu.Ngaphezu koko, i-LED ngumthombo wokukhanya obandayo ongakukhawulezisi ukuguga kwesibane sesibane, isibonisi okanye iprojekti.Ngokweneneiibhalbhu ze-auto ze-LEDzilawula ukutshintshwa kwebhalbhu yemoto emva kwemarike ngoku.Oku kulandelayoBULBTEKukuthengisa kushushuIbhalbhu yesibane se-LEDseries, XD35 D series, X9S high power series, X9 driver built-in series and X8-H7 PRO 1:1 halogen size series.Wamkelekile kumbuzo.
Kodwa ngakumbi nangakumbiiibhalbhu ze-LED zemotozisebenzisa ulawulo lobushushu obukrelekrele IC ukunqanda ibhalbhu okanye iiglowubhu (iibhalbhu) ukuba zingatshi.Ilungile kubude bobomi beebhalbhu kunye nabaqhubi (beebhalbhu), kodwa akulunganga ukukhanyisa ngenxa yokukhanya kuya kuba mfiliba, kuyingozi ukuqhuba!Into ephambeneyo yamandla amatsha aphezuluIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LED(ebizwa ngokuba yi-60W ukuya kwi-90W kwimo yokuqala) yinjineli yokuseka ulawulo lobushushu obukrelekrele i-IC isebenze kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, luhlobo lokukopela emehlweni am.
Yiyiphi imigaqo esemgangathweni ye-European E-mark / ECE (i-United Nations Economic Commission for Europe), i-American DOT (isebe lezoThutho), i-NHTSA (iNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration), i-FMVSS (i-Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard) kunye nesiTshayina I-DOT inxulumene neIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LED?
1. I-European E-mark / ECE: iibhalbhu zeHalogen kuphela kunyeIibhalbhu ezifihlakeleyozisemthethweni ukutshintshwa,Iibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDakukho mthethweni.NGAPHAMBILI: I-PHILIPS kunye ne-OSRAM sele idlulile i-ECE / i-E-maki i-R112 kwiminyaka emithathu yakutshanje, i-homologation / imvume evela eJamani, ngoko ke isemthethweni yesitalato / yeNdlela esemthethweni / Endleleni eYurophu ngoku, i-TUV iya kunika isatifikethi xa uthatha indawo ye-PHILIPS / Iibhalbhu ze-OSRAM ezigqithise i-ECE / i-E-mark R112.Nceda ujonge ezi zifinyezo zingezantsi ezithathwe kwi-OSRAM kunye ne-LUMILEDS iwebhusayithi:
2. AmericanDOT / NHTSA / FMVSS: kuphela iibhalbhu zeHalogen ezisemthethweni ukuba zitshintshwe, iiglowubhu ze-HID (ngaphandle kwe-D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D7, D8, D9 kunye ne-9500?) kunyeIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDakukho mthethweni.
Umxholo wesaziso esisemthethweni esisinikwe (BULBTEK) ngabasebenzi be-DOT kwi-auto show yaseMelika i-AAPEX kunye ne-SEMA ilapha ngezantsi:
INational Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) ichonge ukungena okukhulu kwe-HID/Izixhobo zokuguqula i-LEDukuze zisetyenziswe kwizibane zemoto.Ezi zixhobo zibhekwa njengezixhobo zemoto ezithatha indawo kwaye ngoko ke zixhomekeke kwiCandelo leSixhobo sokuTshintshwa kwe-Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 108 Lamps, Reflective, Devices and Associated Equipment, 49 CFR § 571.108.ZIFIHLILE/Izixhobo zokuguqula i-LEDmusa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-FMVSS No. 108 kwaye ke ngoko ayinakungeniswa ngokusemthethweni eUnited States okanye ithengiswe eUnited States.Jonga i-49 USC § 30112 (a) (1).
I-FMVSS No. 108 ifuna, ngokuyinxenye, ukuba umthombo ngamnye wokukhanya onokuthathelwa indawo uyilwe ukuhambelana nemilinganiselo ethile yobukhulu nombane.Ngoko ke, ukuze kusetyenziswe umthombo wokukhanya otshintshekayo kwisibane sebhalbhu enokutshintshwa, umenzi kufuneka aqale angenise ulwazi oluthile ngokusingise kuyo (kunye neballast yayo ukuba iyafuneka), okanye unokusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya (kunye neballast ukuba iyafuneka) iinkcukacha zayo sele zifakwe kwiSigaba 564. Ukusukela ngomhla wolu xwebhu, akukho mithombo yokukhanya enokutshintshwa ye-LED efakwe kwiSigaba 564. Imithombo enokuthathelwa indawo ye-HID efakwe kwiSigaba 564 yi-D1R, D1S, D2R, D2S, D3R, D3S, I-D4R, i-D4S, i-D5S, i-D7S, i-D8S, i-D9S kunye ne-9500. Nceda ubone ngasemva uluhlu lwazo zonke iCandelo 564 imithombo yokukhanya.
Njengoko umthetho ufuna ukuba nasiphi na isithuthi esinokutshintshwa umthombo wokukhanya obonelelwa ukuthengiswa eUnited States ukuthobela iimfuno ze-FMVSS No. Ikhithi equlathe umthombo wokukhanya obuyiselwayo osiseko sawo salungiswayo okanye senziwe ukuba sitshintshe kunye nawo nawuphi na umthombo wesibane esilawulwayo esinokutshintshwa obandakanya uyilo lomthombo wokukhanya owahlukileyo.
3. I-DOT yaseTshayina: iyafana neMelika, ziibhalbhu zeHalogen kuphela ezisemthethweni ukuba zitshintshwe,Iibhalbhu ezifihlakeleyokwayeIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDakukho mthethweni.
Kulula kakhulu ukuxelela ukuba izibane zeemoto ziyi-halogen okanye hayi ngokubona izibane zinombala omthubi okanye hayi (i-halogen ngumbala omthubi kuphela, ukuba ichaneke i-3000 Kelvin kubushushu bombala).Kutheni kusekho abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa kwaye bathengisaIibhalbhu ze-xenon ezifihliweyokwayeIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDemhlabeni jikelele?Ngokombono wam, kuba i-CUSTOMS, i-ECE kunye ne-DOT ngokwenene ayizange ihlole okanye ijezise kakhulu.Kodwa iCustoms ihlolweZIFIHLILE / Izibane ze-LEDkunye namapolisa endlela abohlwaya abaqhubi abafakeZIFIHLILE / Izibane ze-LEDkwenzeka ngamaxesha athile.
Emva koko unokubuza ukuba kutheni iinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe (ezifana nePHILIPS, OSRAM, HELLA) zisasebenzisaZIFIHLILEkwayeIkhithi yezibane ze-LEDokanye iibhalbhu zemoto yokuqala eyenza okanye ethengisa eziZIFIHLILEkwayeIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDemva kwemarike?Makhe ndizame ukuphendula lo mbuzo:
1.ZIFIHLILEkwayeIkhithi yezibane ze-LEDokanye iibhalbhu zokwenziwa kwesithuthi sokuqala: le yimeko ekhethekileyo nekhethekileyo.Ikhithi yesibane semoto kufuneka ixhomekeke kwimigaqo yomgangatho wokukhanyisa kwiimarike ekujoliswe kuzo.Ndicinga ukuba ezi zixhobo zokukhanyisa kufuneka zidlule yonke loo migangatho.
2.HID iibhalbhu ze-Xenon zentlokongokuba emva kwimarike: kusemthethweni eYurophu logama nje iIibhalbhu ezifihlakeleyouphumelele umgangatho we-E-mark-R112.Kodwa akukho mthethweni e-USA, eRashiya, eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe.Ndithatha i-USA njengomzekelo (iRashiya, iBrazil kunye namanye amazwe aluhlobo lwe-mess), andizange ndikhumbule ukuba ndabona i-PHILIPS / OSRAM / HELLAIibhalbhu ze-xenon ezifihliweyoithengiswa kwiAmerican Autozone okanye kwiivenkile ezinkulu zeWalmart.Nceda usivumele(BULBTEK) yazi ukuba ubone i-PHILIPS / OSRAM / HELLAIibhalbhu ze-xenon ezifihliweyozazithengiswa ngokusemthethweni kwiivenkile ezinkulu zaseMelika okanye iinkampani, ndiyazibuza ukuba kutheni bekwazi ukudlula i-DOT / FMVSS imigaqo ukuba ithengiswe ngokusemthethweni kwi "ZIFIHLILEeyalelweyo i-USA”, Mhlawumbi iinkampani ezinkulu ziindwendwe zeVIP ezinelungelo kwiikomiti kunye namasebe ahambelana nezothutho kazwelonke.Kodwa njengoko ndandisazi okuninziIibhalbhu ezifihlakeleyosele sithumela e-USA, eRussia naseBrazil sisuka eChina, asithethi ngayo ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba yindawo engwevu / emnyama njengoko besenditshilo.
3.Iibhalbhu zezibane ze-LEDemva kwemarike:
A. IYurophu: ayikho mthethweni.Ngoko ke baphawula "Offroad" okanye "Inkungu isibane" kwibhokisi.NGAPHAMBILI: I-PHILIPS kunye ne-OSRAM sele idlulile i-ECE / i-E-maki i-R112 kwiminyaka emithathu yakutshanje, i-homologation / imvume evela eJamani, ngoko ke isemthethweni yesitalato / yeNdlela esemthethweni / Endleleni eYurophu ngoku, i-TUV iya kunika isatifikethi xa uthatha indawo ye-PHILIPS / Iibhalbhu ze-OSRAM ezigqithise i-ECE / i-E-mark R112.Nceda ujonge ezi linki zimbini zingezantsi ngolwazi oluthe kratya:
B. USA: ngokungekho mthethweni.Ngoko ke baphawula "Offroad" okanye "Inkungu isibane" kwibhokisi.Andiqinisekanga ukuba i-PHILIPS okanye i-OSRAM ilungiswe kunye nommiselo waseMelika we-DOT / FVMSS-108 okanye okwangoku.
C. China: akukho mthethweni.Andiqinisekanga ukuba i-PHILIPS okanye i-OSRAM ilungiswe kunye nommiselo waseTshayina we-DOT okanye akunjalo.Wonke umntu uthengisa nje yonke indawo.
Ngapha koko, thinaBULBTEKwamkelekile kwixesha elitsha lemoto leIibhalbhu zezibane ze-LED.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-23-2022